Between 1890 and 1945, debates about conservation and preservation demonstrated broader tensions in American society about the government's role in economic and social life.

Here are all the key themes, events, and vocabulary of Unit 7: The era of crisis and reform (1890–1945), along with essay prompts, timelines, and interactive tools to help you build …

These patriotic concerns have dominated my life. They are what caused the creation of the African effort. -From a letter to the Prime Minister of Belgium from King Leopold II, 1890. The …

By 1890, the Farmers’ Alliance had more than three million members. Strictly segregated, the Alliance did not accept African American farmers into its ranks. They created a separate …

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In the late nineteenth century, a new American political party sprung up to defend the interests of farmers.

All the key themes, events, and vocabulary of Unit 7: The rise to world power (1890–1945), along with essay prompts, timelines, and interactive tools to help you build historical understanding …

The Gilded Age was a time of explosive economic growth, urbanization, and innovation—but also one of stark inequality, racial violence, and political corruption. In this unit, you’ll explore how …

By 1890, one percent of the population controlled 25 percent of the wealth in the United States. 1 As the gap between the rich and poor grew, contemporaries debated what America’s new …

A group of vaqueros in New Mexico, c. 1890. Public domain. While most cowboys were men, some women also took part in cattle drives. At least 16 women are known to have joined the …