A brief exchange of small arms fire between Indian and Pakistani troops erupted overnight across the Line of Control (LoC) in Kashmir, marking the first military confrontation since a ceasefire pledge in 2021.

An attack on tourists in India's Himalayan territory of Kashmir this week sparked a new crisis between nuclear armed South Asian neighbours India and Pakistan, with New Delhi blaming militants with "cross-border linkages" for the killings.

Indian Army chief Gen Upendra Dwivedi reviewed security arrangements in Kashmir while visiting the site of the deadly terrorist attack on tourists.