A nonlinear programming model is developed that has as the objective function (to be minimized) total cost of the development, manufacture, and launching of a launch vehicle. Constraints on physical ...

The optimisation of gas networks has emerged as a critical field in energy systems engineering, incorporating advanced nonlinear programming techniques to address the increasing complexity of gas ...

A continuous casting machine is used in the steel industry to transform liquid steel into semifinished pieces of steel which are further processed through rolling mills to their final dimensions. When ...