Modified sulcus bleeding index (SBI) ≤20 % [9] prior to orthodontic treatment; Approximal plaque index (API) ≤25 % [9] prior to orthodontic treatment; All patients received the same oral hygiene ...
Dental plaque forms as a structured biofilm on tooth surfaces, evolving through stages of initial bacterial adhesion, extracellular matrix production and community maturation. Quantitative assessment ...